Campo electromagnético y generación de calor en la refusión de metales por electroescoria
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Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina
Resumen
Se presenta un modelo computacional adimensionalizado para el cálculo del campo electromagnético en la escoria durante el régimen estacionario de refusión de metales por electroescoria en hornos operados con corriente continua. Se resuelve, empleando la técnica de elementos finitos, la ecuación de Laplace en coordenadas cilíndricas axisimétricas para la determinación del potencial escalar eléctrico, la densidad de corriente, la generación de calor por efecto Joule (densidad de potencia), el campo magnético, la densidad de la fuerza de Lorentz y su rotor (contribución electromagnética a la vorticidad de la escoria), resistencia eléctrica y corriente y potencia totales. Se estudia la influencia de los parámetros geométricos del sistema en el campo electromagnético y, particularmente, en la resistencia eléctrica de la escoria. Se obtuvo muy buen acuerdo entre las predicciones de este modelo y algunos resultados teóricos y experimentales obtenidos por otros autores.
A dimensionless computational model is presented for the calculation of the electromagnetic field in the slag during the steady state of metal remelting by electroslag in furnaces operated with direct current. Using the finite element technique, the Laplace equation is solved in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates for the determination of the electric scalar potential, current density, heat generation by the Joule effect (power density), the magnetic field, the density of the Lorentz force and its rotor (electromagnetic contribution to the vorticity of the slag), electrical resistance and total current and power. The influence of the geometric parameters of the system on the electromagnetic field and, particularly, on the electrical resistance of the slag is studied. Very good agreement was obtained between the predictions of this model and some theoretical and experimental results obtained by other authors.
A dimensionless computational model is presented for the calculation of the electromagnetic field in the slag during the steady state of metal remelting by electroslag in furnaces operated with direct current. Using the finite element technique, the Laplace equation is solved in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates for the determination of the electric scalar potential, current density, heat generation by the Joule effect (power density), the magnetic field, the density of the Lorentz force and its rotor (electromagnetic contribution to the vorticity of the slag), electrical resistance and total current and power. The influence of the geometric parameters of the system on the electromagnetic field and, particularly, on the electrical resistance of the slag is studied. Very good agreement was obtained between the predictions of this model and some theoretical and experimental results obtained by other authors.