Intensidades y reglas de selección de las radiaciones multipolares
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Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Argentina
Resumen
La interacción entre un electrón atómico y un campo de radiación se trata representando este último mediante soluciones esféricas eléctricas y magnéticas de las ecuaciones de Maxwell. De esta forma se consigue un formalismo adecuado para la consecución de las intensidades y la regla de selección correspondiente», teniendo en cuenta la conservación del momento angular total. Aparecen así, en la aproximación de Schrödinger, radiaciones eléctricas y magnéticas multipolares cuyos órdenes están comprendidos entre la suma y la diferencia de números cuánticos acimutales de los estados inicial y final de una transición. Se encuentran los efectos de espín y puramente relativistas producidos sobre las reglas de selección y además se infieren fórmulas precisas y aproximadas para matrices de interacción correspondientes a las aproximaciones de Schrödinger, Pauli y Dirac. La comparación entre las dos últimas permite encontrar las diferencias existentes entre las fórmulas relativistas, para pequeñas energías, y las fórmulas de aproximación de Pauli.
Interaction between an atomic electron and a radiation field is treated by representing the latter by means of electrical and magnetic spherical solutions from Maxwell equations. In this way it is achieved a suitable formalism for the attainment of intensities and the corresponding selection rule», taking into account the conservation of total angular momentum. Thus appear, in the Schrodinger approximation, multipolar electric and magnetic and radiations which orders are comprised between the addition and the difference of azimuthal quantum numbers from the initial and final states of a transition. It is found the effects of spin and the purely relativistic produced on the selection rules and besides it is inferred accurate and approximate formulaes for interaction matrixes corresponding to Schrodinger, Pauli and Dirac approximations. Comparison among the last two allows to find the existing differences between relativistic formulaes, for small energies, and Pauli approxim ation formulaes.
Interaction between an atomic electron and a radiation field is treated by representing the latter by means of electrical and magnetic spherical solutions from Maxwell equations. In this way it is achieved a suitable formalism for the attainment of intensities and the corresponding selection rule», taking into account the conservation of total angular momentum. Thus appear, in the Schrodinger approximation, multipolar electric and magnetic and radiations which orders are comprised between the addition and the difference of azimuthal quantum numbers from the initial and final states of a transition. It is found the effects of spin and the purely relativistic produced on the selection rules and besides it is inferred accurate and approximate formulaes for interaction matrixes corresponding to Schrodinger, Pauli and Dirac approximations. Comparison among the last two allows to find the existing differences between relativistic formulaes, for small energies, and Pauli approxim ation formulaes.