Caracterización de aleaciones de aluminio de la serie 5000 para uso en combustibles nucleares tipo MTR y blancos de producción de radiosiótopos por fisión
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Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Académica. Gerencia Instituto de Tecnología "Jorge Sabato"
Universidad Nacional San Martin. Instituto de Tecnología "Jorge Sabato"
Universidad Nacional San Martin. Instituto de Tecnología "Jorge Sabato"
Resumen
Este trabajo explora la viabilidad de sustituir la aleación de aluminio convencional (AA 6061) en elementos combustibles para reactores de investigación por una de la serie 5000. En particular, se evaluó la aleación AA 5052 mediante diversos ensayos y los resultados obtenidos se compararon con datos de AA 5754 y AA 6061. Se planteó como objetivo principal determinar si las propiedades de la 5052 cumplen con los requisitos de fabricación y los estándares de seguridad de los elementos combustibles. Los resultados son prometedores, pero se debe continuar con pruebas para ajustar los parámetros de fabricación y evaluar el comportamiento bajo irradiación del material. Para comprobar que la composición química se ajusta a su especificación se emplearon técnicas como ICP óptico, espectrometría de chispa y análisis EDS. El estado metalúrgico se analizó con metalografías y con microscopio de barrido electrónico, se observó la anisotropía de los granos debida a la laminación, el crecimiento de grano tras el recocido y la reducción de tamaño de los precipitados. Se realizó un ensayo de 600 h en las condiciones termohidráulicas del reactor para evaluar la resistencia a la corrosión, pero se detectaron anomalías en el ensayo por lo que el mismo debe repetirse. En los ensayos de tracción, se demostró que la 5052 tiene mayor tensión de fluencia, mayor resistencia a la tracción y mayor capacidad de deformación que la 6061. Además, al analizar los resultados de las pruebas de decapado, se observó que con mayor tiempo de ataque químico se obtiene mejor unión metalúrgica. Las metalografías de dogboning permitieron comprobar que el uso de 5052 en el cladding reduce significativamente el efecto de dogboning. Si bien se requieren más pruebas para poner a punto el proceso de fabricación con 5052, la aleación se adapta bien al proceso.
This work explores the feasibility of replacing the conventional aluminum alloy (AA 6061) in research reactor fuel assemblies by one of the 5000 series. In particular, the AA 5052 alloy was evaluated by means of several tests and the results obtained were compared with data from AA 5754 and AA 6061. The main objective was to determine whether the properties of 5052 meet manufacturing requirements and fuel element safety standards. The results are promising, but further testing is needed to adjust the manufacturing parameters and to evaluate the material's behavior under irradiation. Techniques such as optical ICP, spark spectrometry and EDS analysis were used to verify that the chemical composition conforms to its specification. The metallurgical state was analyzed with metallography and scanning electron microscopy, grain anisotropy due to lamination, grain growth after annealing and precipitate size reduction were observed. A 600 hours test was performed in the thermohydraulic conditions of the reactor to evaluate the corrosion resistance, but anomalies were detected in the test so the test must be repeated. In tensile tests, 5052 was shown to have higher yield stress, higher tensile strength and higher deformation capacity than 6061. In addition, when analyzing the results of the pickling tests, it was observed that the longer the chemical etching time, the better the metallurgical bonding. Dogboning metallographs showed that the use of 5052 in cladding significantly reduces the dogboning effect. Although further testing is required to fine-tune the manufacturing process with 5052, the alloy is well suited to the process.
This work explores the feasibility of replacing the conventional aluminum alloy (AA 6061) in research reactor fuel assemblies by one of the 5000 series. In particular, the AA 5052 alloy was evaluated by means of several tests and the results obtained were compared with data from AA 5754 and AA 6061. The main objective was to determine whether the properties of 5052 meet manufacturing requirements and fuel element safety standards. The results are promising, but further testing is needed to adjust the manufacturing parameters and to evaluate the material's behavior under irradiation. Techniques such as optical ICP, spark spectrometry and EDS analysis were used to verify that the chemical composition conforms to its specification. The metallurgical state was analyzed with metallography and scanning electron microscopy, grain anisotropy due to lamination, grain growth after annealing and precipitate size reduction were observed. A 600 hours test was performed in the thermohydraulic conditions of the reactor to evaluate the corrosion resistance, but anomalies were detected in the test so the test must be repeated. In tensile tests, 5052 was shown to have higher yield stress, higher tensile strength and higher deformation capacity than 6061. In addition, when analyzing the results of the pickling tests, it was observed that the longer the chemical etching time, the better the metallurgical bonding. Dogboning metallographs showed that the use of 5052 in cladding significantly reduces the dogboning effect. Although further testing is required to fine-tune the manufacturing process with 5052, the alloy is well suited to the process.
